Introduction Standardized tests have become a central way of measuring student performance in America, with substantial media and political attention focused on the results to evaluate how well our kids are learning. While tests can provide insight into student...

Executive Summary At the end of April, the federal government effectively halted the development of more than 250 onshore wind energy projects across the United States by failing to complete routine national security reviews. These projects, capable of producing 30...

Introduction Affordability seems to be the topic on everyone’s mind in 2026. A majority of Minnesotans now say affordability should be the top priority for elected officials, and it’s easy to see why: the cost of basics, including housing, food, child care,...

By Aaron Rosenthal, North Star Policy Action and Aaron Sojourner, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Policy Research Introduction Reporting on Operation Metro Surge (OMS) in Minnesota has focused on economic harm to several industries with large immigrant worker populations,...

New labor market data released today by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) for February 2026 continue to tell a troubling story about the state of Minnesota's economy. The numbers confirm what we documented for January: Operation Metro Surge left real,...

On April 2, the Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development (DEED) released new labor market data for January 2026, giving us the first concrete look at how Minnesota's economy fared in the immediate aftermath of Operation Metro Surge. The picture is...

By Aaron Sojourner, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research and Aaron Rosenthal, Northstar Policy Action This analysis aims to quantify key economic impacts of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) surge of agents starting in early January 2026 to...